An ERP system covers the following common functional areas. In many ERP systems these are called and grouped together as ERP modules:
- Financial accounting
- General ledger, fixed asset, payables, receivables, cash management, financial consolidation
- Management accounting
- Budgeting, costing, cost management, activity based costing
- Human resources
- Recruiting, training, payroll, benefits, 401K, diversity management, retirement, separation
- Manufacturing
- Engineering, bill of materials, work orders, scheduling, capacity, workflow management, quality control, manufacturing process, manufacturing projects, manufacturing flow, product life cycle management
- Supply chain management
- Supply chain planning, supplier scheduling, order to cash, purchasing, inventory, product configurator, claim processing
- Project management
- Project planning, resource planning, project costing, work break down structure, billing, time and expense, performance units, activity management
- Customer relationship management
- Sales and marketing, commissions, service, customer contact, call center support - CRM systems are not always considered part of ERP systems but rather Business Support systems (BSS). Specifically in telecom scenario
- Data services
- Various "self–service" interfaces for customers, suppliers and/or employees
